(A) the wood characteristics and selection
Wood and some soft, some stiff, usually easily carved soft wood, coarse heavy hard carving. Wood tough, fine-grained, bright color called hardwoods such as mahogany, boxwood, rosewood, mahogany flat, palm trees, etc., with all the advantages of carving is the carving of the finest materials, suitable for carving complex structure, shape works fine props, but also in the production process and save props is not easy to break when damaged, has a high collection value, just carved up more waste of effort, easy to damage the tool.
Relatively loose wood suitable for beginners to do props, such as linden, ginkgo trees, camphor, pine and so on. Such a simple structure of wood suitable for carving style, image, general works, carving it is relatively easy, but because of their soft wood, color weak, and some require shading to enhance the amount of sense. Changing some of the more visible grain, such as: ash, pine, fir, etc., can be clever with the smooth wood, wood grain texture, props for some of the more lyrical works.
In general, the larger props shape fluctuations, changes in grain richer, the more flavored; modeling the shape of the more mildly dynamic, smooth, wood grain effect also toward the more ideal, as well as props completed surprisingly good-looking, highly decorative.
Of course, this timber design should be based on highly summarized the main, too complex and too small size, not only will destroy the wood, it will result in visual contrast. So props in the creation of a work, first we have a better understanding of the timber, select the material suited to the performance is very important.
(B) the drying of wood
1, the artificial drying: the timber sealed in steam drying chamber, by steam for evaporation, drying of wood. (Based on timber size, thickness, such as the drying time usually takes 4cm plate one week), the highest level of dry wood moisture content makes up only 3%. But after the high temperature evaporation loss of toughness, brittle wood susceptible to damage to the detriment of sculpture. Usually about the extent of drying logs should be maintained at about 30% moisture content.
2, the natural drying: the classification of wood placed ventilation (plate, just or log), set aside into a pile, stack at the end of about 60cm from the ground, leaving the middle of the gap, so that air circulation, remove moisture, wood gradually dry. Natural drying generally take years or months in order to achieve a certain degree of drying required.
3, simple artificial drying: First, the internal water timber with a dry roasted. The second is to use boiled wood in the resin composition, and then placed in air-dried or dried. Both methods may shorten the drying time, but after the invasion of the water timber is easy to change color, to the detriment of wood. Effects props.
(C) the application of the tool
Wood creation tool is engaged in the most direct assistant and companion. Process in the production process of wood, chisel and aids in the production props play an important role. Tools are available, will wear will be used, not only to improve efficiency, but also in shape to give full play to their skills, so that the line knife cutting operation succinct and easy, clear and smooth, add works of art expression.
There are many types of chisel, the following are a few key tools and applications.
1, flat knives: straight edge was mainly used for leveling uneven wood surface to smooth trace. Large model used for cutting large wood, there is a sense of the block face, the use of appropriate methods, such as painting brush strokes effect, it is vigorous and effective, vivid and natural. Acute angle flat knife engraved lines, there is a strong interest in wood knife taste.
2, round knife: cylindrical curved blade, used for round and round at the dent in the carving of traditional flowers also have very useful. Round knife blade horizontal transport more effort on the big ups and downs, small changes can adapt. Lines and circular knives are not sure, use a flexible and easy to explore.
3, oblique knife: cutting edge angle was 45 degrees or so, mainly for work and hollow slit at corner joints for tick angle light. If the carved figure at the corner, diagonal knife easier to use. Oblique knife was divided into forehand and backhand oblique ramp, in order to fit in all directions.
4, the blades: triangular blade type, its front left and right sides, sharp point set in the corner, so the push to use in the heavier lines on the triangle Daoke a thick, whereas the fine. Triangular knife used carved hair, carved decorative lined, triangular tip when advancing in the woodcut, spit sawdust from the triangular slot, push the tip-off parts of the triangle depicts a line to it.
Wood aids are hammers, axes, saws, wood file. Ax is in line with the use of a blank, a lot of cutting back on wood, attention should not be too hard when cutting back, not straight up and down cut, the blade should be perpendicular to the grain to maintain 45 degrees, otherwise the wood will crack. The main use of wood in the filing of fine sculpture in the round billet stage, can replace the flat blade chisel marks trace file will be flat in order to repair the light, but also replace the circular knife or blade for oblique hollow handle.
(D) engraving techniques
The so-called techniques, wood is the creation of the author and space for image handling.
This approach is mainly reflected in the reduction of the sense of carving and engraving, rather, that is from outside to inside, step by step by subtracting the waste, the body gradually digging revealed. In a second form of subtraction, we not only appreciate the work in the "shelling out" of pleasure. Characteristics of wood, or even because of too much force should not be less minus place, and was thrilling, but if handled properly, may also be due to danger and joy. While feeling generated in the process of blade to use a special charm, and some accidental effects, props can work to generate new Prose.
Therefore, wood art, is varied and complex psychological process meaningful. Beauty of the blade are formed, the technology to achieve skilled performance. Always been good at copying a painting, the source is and strokes are the most difficult, because stroke is a product of the author's mind and skills, knife is also true, is difficult to reflect any imitation of things.
Therefore, only the skill and continue to accumulate experience in order to achieve the desired truly belongs to the blade. The kind of wood and carved marks, smooth and rough, concave and convex, circular knives arranged, flat knife cutting ... they demonstrated the art of language, its charm is the sculpture of other materials can not be achieved.
Wood steps:
1, usually painted props creative draft, and then zoom into the ink line sketch on wood;
2, thick billet is the basis for the props work, it is a concise summary of the overall idea of the geometry modeling, required to achieve a level, there is momentum, the proportion of co-ordination, focus and stability overall sense, the initial formation of the outer contours and inner works outline; chisel rough blanks: next to the next from front to back, outside to the inside, Deep layers manner. Need to pay attention when cutting thick billet leeway, like cutting clothes should be appropriate to relax. Private line saying goes: "keeping hypertrophy can be piecemeal, but worry barren hard compound fertilizer, within the distance should be small not big, remember sculpture is subtraction." Chisel fine blank: start with the overall look, than to adjust the layout of columns and a variety of , then the gradual implementation of the specific form and shape, to leave room for the repair of light. This stage, the volume of work and lines has become clear, thus requiring knife mellow and smooth, have a full expression;
3, repair of light: the use of carved and thin blade repair to the fine chisel marks in the dirt blank, so the surface of props works perfectly fine. Trace clearly requires fine knife, or smooth, straight or board, or the rough, and strive to make the work intended to accurately shown;
4, polished: According to the props need different thickness of the wood with sandpaper rubbing wood mill. Asked first with coarse sandpaper, then use fine sandpaper. Direction along the wood fiber to be polished until the desired effect;
5, color glazing: Use a stiff brush, a small hard brush, a color cylinder. Colored pigments generally refers to water-soluble, such as gouache, watercolor, or shoe polish. They feature coverage is small, there is a strong permeability. Painting acrylic paint should not be used.
Main methods of coloring wood master patterns in wood and paint are still visible also covered under some wood by color more clearly.
So in the deployment of color should not be too thick, pigment and water column is 30:1 compared to the appropriate thin, transparent form. Even more so on a few times, the wood will not be covered live, if deployed properly color, color of the brush pen moisture content should not be too much, not anxious, or some deep recesses of the accumulation effect of the non-uniform color is easy.
Coloring not only to compensate for the deficiencies or defects of some wood, but also play a rich texture of materials and works of the United States the role of formal beauty. Therefore, when appropriate color in the works, depending on requirements as far as possible reflect the content of their work in the form of requirements, and comply with all the natural beauty of wood.
Do not rub the light colored wood immediately. Must be so done (about 12 hours later), with a clean cloth to wipe up hard to produce uniform luster, to feel smooth. Some works, as the case may drain some of the rub, so the background is slightly exposed wood to form a rich sense of color, but also works to strengthen the sense of depth.
When we finished piece carved from the intense work of liberation, to see their handmade works, like the birth of life, birth, there will be a successful and rewarding pleasure, savor the experience of a similar process of Death and Life This is to create the charm, but really feel it's such a charm, but to really feel it's such a charm, to be more birds more training, more refined, practice makes perfect, in order to form their own props art language and style.
